![]() The risk of developing melanoma varies widely depending on genetic, demographic, and behavioral factors 2. However, inherited or acquired DNA mutations–in particular, those caused by ultraviolet radiation exposure 1–can drive malignant transformation to melanoma. Clusters of melanocytes known as melanocytic nevi, or moles, can be present at birth or can emerge throughout childhood and young adulthood and are considered to be benign neoplasms. Melanoma is a cancer that arises from pigment-producing melanocytes in the skin. These data have been made available to engage researchers in a collaborative, multidisciplinary effort to better understand and prevent melanoma. Participant-provided mole measurements indicate an average mole size of 3.95 mm. Survey data recapitulates associations between melanoma and known demographic risks, with red hair as the most significant factor in this cohort. The study cohort includes 2,069 participants who contributed 1,920 demographic surveys, 3,274 mole measurements, and 2,422 curated mole images. ![]() The Mole Mapper app was designed to collect participant-provided images and measurements of moles, together with demographic and behavioral information relating to melanoma risk. Here we describe data from Mole Mapper, an iPhone-based observational study built using the Apple ResearchKit framework. ![]() Aggregation and open sharing of this participant-collected data can be foundational for research and the development of early cancer detection tools. ![]() Skin cancer research is particularly amenable to this approach, as phone cameras enable self-examination and documentation of mole abnormalities that may signal a progression towards melanoma. Sensor-embedded phones are an emerging facilitator for participant-driven research studies. ![]()
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